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This monograph develops a weak deterministic §model of language acquisition that can accommodate §first language (L1) acquisition, language change, and§second language (L2) acquisition: namely the§Economical Parameter-Setting model. This model is§achieved by adopting the notion of economy employed§in the theory of Universal Grammar (UG) developed in§the Minimalist Program (Chomsky 1995) and by§modifying a pre-minimalist model of language§learnability and language change developed by Clark§and Roberts (1993). §§The main claims are that the processes of L1§acquisition and L2 acquisition are governed by the§same economy principles and that the differences lie§neither in different governing properties of the§acquisition processes nor in different degrees of UG§availability, but in factors that cause the§divergence of parameter-settings from the input§setting. The proposed causal factors are twofold: (i)§particular variabilities of the input caused by L2§learning environments and (ii) the L1 lexicon. These§factors contribute to an increased obscurity and§ambiguity of the parameter settings embodied in the§input.