Harriet Martineau, Victorian Imperialism, and the Civilizing Mission

In her in-depth study of Harriet Martineau's writings on the evolution of the British Empire in the nineteenth century, Deborah A. Logan elaborates the ways in which Martineau's works reflect Victorian concerns about radically shifting social ideologies. To understand Martineau's interventions into the Empire Question, Logan argues, is to recognize her authority as an insightful political commentator, historian, economist, and sociologist whose eclectic studies and intellectual curiosity positioned her as a shrewd observer and recorder of the imperial enterprise. Logan's primary sources are Martineau's nonfiction works, particularly those published in periodicals, complemented by telling references from Martineau's didactic fiction, correspondence, and autobiography. Key texts of this title include: "History of The Peace"; "Letters from Ireland and Endowed Schools of Ireland"; "Illustrations of Political Economy"; "Eastern Life, Present and Past"; and, "History of British Rule in India and Suggestions for the Future Rule of India". Logan shows Martineau negotiating the inevitable conflict that arises when the practices of Victorian imperialism are measured against its own stated principles, and especially against Martineau's idea of both the Civilizing Mission and the indigenous cultural integrity often compromised in the process. The picture of Martineau that emerges is complex and fascinating. Both an advocate and a critic of British imperialism, Martineau was a persistent champion of the Civilizing Mission. Written with an awareness that she was recording contemporary history for future generations, Martineau's writings on this perpetually fascinating, often tragic, and always instructive chapter in British and world history deserve to take their place alongside the memoirs of statesmen and other prominent players of the age.