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Picosecond snapshots of the nanometer world
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In order to observe phenomena on the molecular level,§it is necessary to develop a technique that is§sensitive to all the microscopic spatial degrees of§freedom on the time scale of the molecular processes.§For the case of surface physics, the standard tool§for structure determination is§Low-Energy-Electron-Diffraction (LEED). This§technique, endowed in a so-called 'pump-probe§experiment' framework has the potential to follow in§real time the excitation and the relaxation dynamics§at surfaces on the picosecond time scale (1§ps=10^(-15) s). This book describes the realization§of the first proof-of-principle experiment for§time-resolved LEED§(t-LEED). The design, realization and§characterization of a home-built electron gun is§presented: with such a tool, a temporal resolution of§few picosecond was achieved. First experiments were§performed to track in real time phase transitions§occuring on surfaces and dynamics of the so-called§space-charge effect: the emission of electrons on a§metal surface by an intense pump pulse via§multi-photon absorption processes.
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