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While the Russian Empire was put to sleep by the Bolshevik Revolution of 6-7 November 1917, the Ottoman Empire lasted until the Mudros Armistice of 18 October 1918. There would be a new beginning for both nations. The Bolshevik Government in Russia and the Ankara Government, which was the leader of the resistance in Turkey, started to fight against a common enemy the Imperialist powers of Europe. However, their alliance of opportunity was not without cost. While the Bolsheviks aimed to expand their regime to Anatolia, the Kemalists in Ankara aimed to get material and spiritual support from the Bolsheviks without adopting their regime. Turkish- Bolshevik relations were marked by this fundamental tension. This study evaluates the relations between the Bolshevik Government in Russia and the Nationalist Movement in Turkey during the Turkish War of Independence.